DISPARITAS REGIONAL DAN DINAMIKA PERTUMBUHAN INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR MIKRO DAN KECIL DI INDONESIA: BUKTI TINGKAT PROVINSI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59134/jimat.v2i2.794Keywords:
Regional disparities, micro and small industries, growth dynamics, COVID-19 recovery, spatial inequalityAbstract
This study examines regional disparities and growth dynamics of Micro and Small Industries (IMK) across 38 provinces in Indonesia from 2011 to 2022. Using annual production index data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), this quantitative descriptive-comparative study employs coefficient of variation, growth typology quadrant analysis, and resilience measurement across three phases: pre-pandemic (2011–2019), contraction (2020), and recovery (2021–2022). Results show that national IMK production index increased from 104.71 in 2011 to 137.27 in 2022, with stable average annual growth of 5.5% before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the pandemic caused a sharp contraction of 17.67% in 2020, followed by a gradual recovery of 0.43% (2021) and 3.96% (2022). Regional disparities increased significantly, with the coefficient of variation rising from 0.08 in 2011 to 0.31 in 2022. Contrary to conventional concentration patterns, eastern Indonesian provinces—particularly Gorontalo, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, and North Maluku—recorded the highest growth (up to 340.99%), while several provinces in Java and Sumatra showed stagnation or slower growth. Resilience analysis reveals that provinces with flexible local household-based businesses and domestic market orientation recovered faster (recovery ratio >1.3) compared to tourism and export-dependent regions. The study concludes that although IMK growth remains positive, increasing spatial inequality requires targeted place-based policies, including inclusive financing, digital marketing acceleration, and local ecosystem development in lagging regions to achieve more equitable industrial development.
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